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Posturographic training in flatbed therapy for younger school children
ČERNÁ, Adéla
The arch of the foot began to develop parallel to the transition towards an erect posture of the body to bear the weight and to absorb shocks while the foot is in contact with the ground. The human foot consists of two arches - longitudinal and transverse arch. Both start to develop as the child starts to walk. The development is finished around the pre-school age. From literature it is known that up to 80 % of inhabitants suffer from incorrect foot hold/position. One of the most common deformations of the foot appears to be flat feet. Flat feet are usually formed already in childhood. With the common causes being premature toddler footwear, fashion shoes, fast growth, and excessive physical activity etc. Posturographic techniques are methods used for measurement and treatment of qualitative and quantitate postural balance. There exist two types of posturography - static and dynamic. The theoretical part of the thesis covers the specification of foot anatomy and function, the arch of the foot, the definition of Flat feet and a brief description of therapy. It is followed by description of the posturographic function and posturographic tool, which was used during the practical part of this thesis for the therapy itself. The practical part of the thesis was processed as qualitative research where an initial examination of aspects, an interview and both a posturographic and podoscope assessment all concluded in the form of case reports, took place. Three boys, who attended the first grade of an elementary school were included in this study. They attended the posturograph therapy once a week and they went through a given set of exercises at home. First goal of this study was to observe if the posturography training included in the therapy of flat feet has an impact on the results within the children around the age of primary elementary school. The second goal was to evaluate the effect of posturography exercises on the therapy of flat feet among children. Although this thesis has not brought clear results, a slight improvement of the childrens posture could be observed. The explanation of the unclear results could be due to the small size of the test group or due to short and inefficiently intense therapy. Nonetheless some of the children were looking forward to attending the appointments and that in my opinion adds to the benefits of the overall results.
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Pes planus in children: its implications and the influencing factors on its development
Droubi, Farah ; Nováková, Tereza (advisor) ; Satrapová, Lenka (referee)
Background Pes planus is one of the most common diagnoses in the pediatric field; flexible flat foot being the most prevalent. This developmental type of flatfoot is a normal finding in young children, seen to resolve spontaneously with growth and development and also remain asymptomatic. Despite this, there is still a large incidence of flat feet in adolescence and many cases of adult flatfeet are frequently presented as residual pediatric flatfeet. The factors that influence the prevalence of flatfeet during a child's development have also the capacity to altering its course and gaining insight on what they are and their influence aids in diagnosing, treating and preventing flat feet. Purpose The aim of this literature review was to enhance knowledge on the persistence of the flat feet condition in the pediatric population by determining the development of flat feet in children with an outline of its affect on posture and gait and identifying contributing factors that affect the incidence and progression of the deformity. Methodology An electronic database search was conducted to obtain articles from relevant journals (from early 2012 to mid 2013). Only full text English articles were obtained, with a few exceptions. Further information was collected from online textbooks and the reference lists of the...
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The influence of foot position on the size of the Q angle in patients with painful knee joint syndromes
Zimová, Barbora ; Malá, Jitka (advisor) ; Maršáková, Kateřina (referee)
Author: Bc. Barbora Zimová Title: The influence of foot position on the size of the Q angle in patients with painful knee joint syndromes Objectives: This master thesis aims to assess the effect of the foot on the position of the knee joint, particularly whether the degree of flat-footedness affects the Q angle and whether an active foot correction can change this angle. Furthermore, this thesis aims to compare whether painful knee joint syndromes affect these parameters in any way. Methods: A group of 40 probands with a total average age of 27 years and a unilateral painful knee joint syndrome, at least 6 months apart from incidental injuries/surgeries, underwent a complex clinical examination with a focus on the researched aspects associated with knee joint problems. This was followed by the making of a plantogram - - an examination of the pressure distribution of the foot by a machine from the company Pedikom, taking a photograph to evaluate the Q angle and the orientation of the talus position, complementing the qualitative evaluation of the sole image. An active correction of the foot position was then performed along with a simple exercise to support the longitudinal arch of the foot by activating the myofascial chains associated with it. The two examinations were then repeated. The...
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Supporting healthy leg development in preschool children
HRUŠKOVÁ, Petra
This bachelor thesis deals with healthy feet development in pre-school children and the possibilities to support it. The theoretical part of this thesis consists of a literature survey and deals with anatomy of the feet, deviations from healthy development, prevention possibilities and inappropriate condition correction possibilities. The practical part includes a proposal of an education program based on the framework educational program for pre-school education. It includes preventive exercises for legs, creative activities, games, and education of the content to the children in a meaningful way. The program was attended by 37 children (22 boys, 15 girls) of pre-school age (5-7 years old) of two classes of different pre-school facilities. The evaluation of the program was carried out through individual interviews with the children, our own observation, oral communication of supervising teachrs and self-reflection. The program created with the support of commonly available aids was evaluated positively by children and the educators and can be included as a whole or in the part in a standard pre-school education.
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Selected characteristics of the mobility for children 3-10 years of age
IRA, Aneta
The aim of the thesis is the evaluation of spinal mobility, flat feet survey and basic anthropological features of girls and boys at the age of 3, 5, 7 and 10. Based on collected data, the thesis tries to make relevant conclusions and give recommendations, which can be subsequently used by nursery and primary school teachers, pediatrists, physiotherapists, as well as parents dealing with their children of the age mentioned above. The survey results of big interest are cervical spine mobility decrease observed in older childern (10 years old) and tested by Čepoj's symptom functional test, with age deteriorating average mobility range observed in boys and tested by a modified Thomayer's symptom, affirmation of one of secular acceleration theories, and lower spinal mobility range observed in girls of pre-school age compared to boys of the same age.
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The effect of flat feet on the stability of the ankle joint of floorball players
Hanušová, Barbora ; Satrapová, Lenka (advisor) ; Stupková, Michaela (referee)
Title: The effect of flat feet on the stability of the ankle joint of floorball players. Objectives: The main aim of this thesis is to determine whether a flat feet has any effects on the floorball players' ankle joint stability. Furthermore, the thesis focuses on the chronic ankle instability, other leg pathologies and on the options of therapeutic interventions. Eventually, the thesis provides summary and output data for physiotherapist, sport couches and the examined players. Methods: First a literature study was conducted to establish a theoretical framework. Based on the feature/aspect examination of longitudinal foot arching and an initial questionnaire 10 particular subjects aged 22 to 29 were selected, all of them form the TJ Tatran Střešovice team. The subjects were divided in 2 groups - with longitudinal flat feet and without longitudinal flat feet pathology. The examined subjects were scored with negative points according to occurrence of any pathologies. Both groups were also benchmarked in the Star Excursion Balance Test that determined feet dynamic stability index. Results: The examination proved that flat feet affects the stability of the ankle joint as the subjects of the group without longitudinal flat feet scored results that were 31% better than results of the subjects with...
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Pes planus in children: its implications and the influencing factors on its development
Droubi, Farah ; Nováková, Tereza (advisor) ; Satrapová, Lenka (referee)
Background Pes planus is one of the most common diagnoses in the pediatric field; flexible flat foot being the most prevalent. This developmental type of flatfoot is a normal finding in young children, seen to resolve spontaneously with growth and development and also remain asymptomatic. Despite this, there is still a large incidence of flat feet in adolescence and many cases of adult flatfeet are frequently presented as residual pediatric flatfeet. The factors that influence the prevalence of flatfeet during a child's development have also the capacity to altering its course and gaining insight on what they are and their influence aids in diagnosing, treating and preventing flat feet. Purpose The aim of this literature review was to enhance knowledge on the persistence of the flat feet condition in the pediatric population by determining the development of flat feet in children with an outline of its affect on posture and gait and identifying contributing factors that affect the incidence and progression of the deformity. Methodology An electronic database search was conducted to obtain articles from relevant journals (from early 2012 to mid 2013). Only full text English articles were obtained, with a few exceptions. Further information was collected from online textbooks and the reference lists of the...
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Determining the most common functional disorders of the musculoskeletal system of primary school children, particularly in the 1st and 2nd grade at elementary schools in Strakonice
KOVÁŘOVÁ, Veronika
In summary of findings we first address problems of correct and poor posture. We present methods how to easily detect function disorders of locomotive system, their basic characteristics, and how to compensate such disorders, or how to prevent them completely. The research focuses on determination of the most common function disorders in children of young school age. Total of 384 children from 1st and 2nd grades of all elementary schools in Strakonice participated in the survey. The following methods were chosen evalutation of posture according to Jaroš and Lomíček, which disclosed that the most common function disorders apply to lower limbs. Testing according to Matthias showed that 33 % of children suffer from poor posture. The research includes a questionaire, which helped us to find out that poor posture occurs less frequently in children who pursue physical activities.
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The influence of flat feet onto the posture of children at school age
ŤUPOVÁ, Jana
The bachelor thesis is describing problems of the impact of flat feet on school age children´s posture. The foot is the organ that allows contact with the terrain. In case it´s functional component is changed pathologically to some extent, it fails to work properly and can change the whole posture of particular individual in pathological way. Flat feet is a condition of foot when the arch of the foot flattened partly or completely. Arch of the foot enables us flexible treading contact and is defined with three support points: calcaneus and the heads of the first and the fifth metatarsals. They develop and change during one´s lifetime. The appearance of flat feet during the first two years of life is considered as a physiological condition. The appearance of the flat feet later in childhood is viewed as a deformity and needs more examinations and some therapy. Some studies showed that early treatment of flat feet can prevent later unwanted manifestations, and that is why flat feet in children should not be underestimated. Flat feet in children is the most often cause for the visit at a doctor. Children´s flat feet is the topic that needs to be very often consulted at any level of the health care. It is not completely clear, when the foot is still considered as physiologically flat without any pathological cause and when it is considered as pathological flat feet. The purpose of the thesis was to describe links between flat feet and posture. The foot is the key area for motor system and that is why its disorder or malfunction can become the cause and also the consequence of chain functional disorders. That is the reason why the foot area should not be disregarded. Another goal was to suggest exercise units and search out appropriate exercises concerning described problems. Exercise unit was designed individually for each participant according to one´s needs. The first exercise unit has been modified gradually according to participants´ skills to master the exercise. The modification was however essential to keep children´s attention up during the therapy. The thesis consists of the theoretical and practical sections. The practical section contains information about the foot from anatomical, neurological, and kinesiological view and its pathology that is affecting posture. The therapy lasted 10 weeks, children have been exercising from ten to fifteen minutes a day with supervision of parents who were instructed about the exercise, and twice a week individually, under my supervision, and also in parents´ present. The investigation was carried out using interview with parents and children, and also using kinesiological analysis. There was carried out entry and exit assessments in children´s group. They were used to determine proper therapy at the start and also for the conclusion from results at the end. For each participant was designed proper therapy according to one´s needs. The goal of physiotherapy was determined as well as recommended certain type of exercise and proper exercise activity for all children in long time horizon. Our findings showed that proper therapy in children with flat feet can positively influence whole posture. When the entry and exit examinations were compared, we found that there was found greater range of ankle joint motion, positive change in flat feet condition, better body control, the change of breathing mechanics, and also participants´ personal view of better self body control. I have chosen the topic to bring closer problems of flat feet affecting body control in children. The foot area is an integral part of our body. When the arches of foot flatten, position of whole lower limb in joints and complete body posture is negatively affected.
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The incidence of poor posture at the primary school in the district of Pribram.
WALENKOVÁ, Veronika
The causes of musculoskeletal disorders, at present affecting a considerable pro-portion of the adult population and leading to poor posture, are to be looked for as early as in childhood. In recent decades an enormous increase in poor posture in the children of younger and older school-age has occurred, which is in most cases the result of a bad lifestyle. The lack of physical activity, an inappropriate school regime, unsuitable school furniture or heavy backpacks the children carry on their backs every day are the in-fluencing factors. Another aspect that can lead to poor posture in children is a relatively high number of children with flat feet. An inappropriate lifestyle and one-sidedness of modern life also leads to obesity and thus the restriction of movement in children. In my thesis I focused on poor posture in pupils of selected primary schools in the district of Příbram. The monitored group was children aged 8-15 years, attending 3-9 primary school grades. The purpose of my diploma thesis was to assess the prevalence of poor posture in primary school pupils in relation to their lifestyle and physical activity, to survey the risk factors leading to poor posture in these children, and to map the connection of poor posture in primary school children with prevalence of flat feet in children. In relation to the purpose I stated three hypotheses, assuming that children with a wrong lifestyle and an insufficient physical activity are more prone to poor posture, that the children influenced by more risk factors suffer more often from musculoskeletal disorders and poor posture and also that the children with flat feet are more predisposed to poor posture. To conduct the research, I chose the methodology of quantitative descriptive study through questionnaires. The research was carried out in two schools differently specialized, one of the schools is focused on mathematics and computer science and implements the program the Health Promoting School (Primary School Jiráskovy sady in Příbram), the second is focused on sports, particularly volleyball (Primary School Pod Svatou Horou Příbram). A total of 340 children from both schools were addressed by identical question-naires. The questionnaire was anonymous and the questions were directed primarily at these children lifestyle assessment. The questionnaire contained 37 questions in total, focused primarily on the principles of healthy lifestyle, physical activity, leisure activi-ties, school furniture, the school work regime and the prevalence of poor posture and flat feet. The return rate of the completed questionnaires was 85,3%, which means 290 questionnaires from the two schools. Based on the results from the completed questionnaires, I compared the two groups of examined pupils in terms of their compliance with the principles of healthy lifestyle, the prevalence of poor posture and the prevalence of flat feet.
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